Manufacturing and Properties of Refractories | SpringerLink

Assessment of Local River Sand Mould Property at Different …

The refractoriness of Oyun River sand is 1300 °C, which is suitable for aluminium alloy casting. ... Bentonite clay and coal dust were procured from RSB Metaltech, Pvt. Ltd., Cuttack, India, and river bed sand were obtained from a local river near Bhopal, India. The physical appearance of river sand, bentonite clay, and coal dust is …

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRIC FURNACE USING BENTONITE …

DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRIC FURNACE USING BENTONITE AND KAOLIN SODIUM SILICATE AS REFRACTORY MATERIAL ... The development of new compositions of composite materials with the goal of increasing the refractoriness and slag resistance of fireclay refractories with special attention paid to the selection of certain …

Influence of Production Factors on Lightweight Refractory …

During refractory development consideration is given to the availability of clay of different refractoriness, ... In order to increase mechanical strength there was use of bentonite as a sintering additive. Specimens were prepared by semidry compaction and plastic molding (Table 1). The specimen sintering capacity of the compositions …

Refractoriness

Refractoriness under loadThis is a measure of the behaviour of a small brick section when heated at a steady rate, ... The reason is that clays such as Wyoming bentonite or a sodium silicate bond have melting points well below the metal/mould interface temperatures of steel castings. Further, the organic binders are volatile. ...

Development of a technology for producing ceramic …

The article presents the results of scientific and experimental studies on the creation of ceramic refractory material. Montmorillonite clay (bentonite-like) of the Pogodaevsky deposit and ferro ...

Paradoxical refractoriness to induction by cortisone …

Paradoxical refractoriness to induction by cortisone following a peculiar adaptation of liver enzymes by bentonite or celite. Author links open overlay panel M.K. Agarwal. ... higher doses, cortisone lowered DNA synthesis associated with regeneration. Celite or bentonite also retarded the onset of DNA formation after partial hepatectomy ...

Development and Characterization of Foundry …

The unavailability of proper sand grade and poor refractoriness of the mold and core surfaces confer the extensive use of Foundry Refractory Coating (FRC), which covers …

Development of a technology for producing ceramic …

The studies on refractoriness of montmorillonite (bentonite-like) clay in Pogodaevskoye deposit have shown that its refractoriness is in the range of (1200 -1250 С). The …

Development of a technology for producing ceramic …

The studies on refractoriness of montmorillonite (bentonite-like) clay in Pogodaevskoye deposit have shown that its refractoriness is in the range of (1200 -1250 С). The chemical and mineralogical composition of studied raw materials was determined using a JSM-6390LV scanning

Utilization of Local Riverbed Sand in Green Sand Mould

The silica sand has high refractoriness and is readily available; therefore, it is used in foundry applications . The foundry industries used around 85% silica sand to prepare a sand mould . Silica sand is the basic raw material of foundry industries. ... This is because bentonite acts as binder in the presence of moisture . Therefore, as ...

A REVIEW OF REFRACTORY BOND SYSTEMS FOR …

behind ceramic bonded structure with high refractoriness. There are two ways to achieve this bonding system. One is to add iron oxide into the blended magnesia and doloma, which results in high refractoriness and high erosion resistance to the EAF slag. The other is to use MgO-CaO-Fe2O3 grains, which results in quick sintering and high

Impact of Bentonite Coating over Silica Sand during …

This is because silica sand possesses properties like refractoriness, mouldability, permeability, collapsibility, chemical resistivity etc. which makes it most suitable for casting [1].

Kaolin Manufacturer, Bentonite, Perlite Supplier

Kaolin, Bentonite, Perlite manufacturer / supplier in China, offering Suppliers Negative Ions Powder for Air Purification, 200mesh-6000 Mesh Negative Ion Tourmaline Powder, Tourmaline Ball for Air Conditioning Filtration with Low Price/Tourmaline Rock and so on. Contact Supplier .

Overview of Refractory Materials

Refractoriness points to the resistance of extreme conditions of heat (temperature > 1800 °F) and corrosion when hot and molten materials are contained while being transported and/or processed. The ability to withstand exposure to elevated temperatures without undergoing appreciable deformation is measured in terms of refractoriness.

Moulding Sand – Properties, Types, Process, MCQs

The addition of clay and bentonite improves the cohesiveness. Refractoriness :- Sand's refractoriness refers to its ability to withstand high temperatures of molten metal without fusion or softening. Moulding …

Determination of the Suitability of River Gurara Bed Sand …

Specimens bonded with 0.5-3% of either bentonite or kaolin clay were prepared in accordance with AFS standard and tested for refractoriness; permeability; green/dry compressive strengths; moisture content; green hardness and shatter index using equipment including moisture teller, universal strength machine, shatter index and …

High-temperature transformations of Zr-pillared bentonite

A Zr-modified bentonite (B-OHZr) obtained by intercalation of OH-Zr species was obtained, and its thermal transformations at > 800 °C were studied. Raw clay and B-OHZr were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, and its sintering behavior was studied by hot-stage microscopy. Two Zr-based …

Refractory Performance and Mechanism of Damage

Refractory performances in any industry depend largely on many other factors, besides the quality of refractories, as shown in Fig. 13.1 [].The diagram clearly shows that quality of refractory, quality of its storage and installation, mechanical features of the kiln or furnace, and operating condition, e.g., chemistry of the feed to the kiln, …

Bentonite Clay in Pottery: A Comprehensive Guide

Bentonite clay, a unique type of clay derived from volcanic ash, has become a staple in the pottery world due to its remarkable properties. This fine-textured clay is known for its versatility and strength, making it an excellent choice for enhancing pottery projects. If you're a potter looking to improve the quality of your ceramic pieces, …

Refractories, Properties and Application of

erties, including refractoriness, refractoriness under load, high-temperature volume stability (i.e., linear change on heating), thermal shock resistance, high-temperature creep, erosion resis-tance, oxidation resistance, etc. These are the important technical indexes for measuring and inspecting the quality of refractories. Refractory Raw ...

Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of River Niger Sand …

Bentonite and kaolin were used as binders. Experimental techniques which included the mechanical sieve analysis, determination of clay content and refractoriness of river Niger sand and mechanical analyses consisting of green/dry compressive, green hardness, permeability and shatter index tests of moulded specimens were conducted to measure ...

Effect of Bentonite and Cassava Starch on the Moulding …

Specimens bonded with 0.5-3% of either bentonite or kaolin clay were prepared in accordance with AFS standard and tested for refractoriness; permeability; green/dry compressive strengths; moisture content; green hardness and shatter index using equipment including moisture teller, universal strength machine, shatter index and …

Ferrochrome Slag as an Alternative Mould Material for Green …

The bentonite clay creates a bond with mould ingredients in the presence of moisture or water . Therefore, as moisture and bentonite clay concentration increases, the shear strength of slag mould increases. The moulding mixture contains 7% moisture, and 14% bentonite clay has 0.47 kg/cm 2 shear strength.

Moulding Sand, Types, Composition and its Properties

Clay is a natural binder. Chemical binders such as bentonite are sometimes added if natural sand does not have enough clay content. Moulding Sand Composition. The fresh moulding sand prepared in the foundry should have the following composition: Silica 75% (approx.) Soil 10-15%; Bentonite 2-5% (as required) Coal dust 5-10%; Humidity …

[PDF] Improvement of the Refractoriness under Load of Fire …

A study of possibilities of using locally available raw materials for the production of refractory bricks has been carried out. The basic raw material was kaolinitic clay from Dewechla deposit; it was possible to produce Chamotte refractory bricks with the initial softening point (Ta) of 1180C o . The possibility of improving the refractoriness under …

SAND, SAND ADDITIVES and SAND PROPERTİES

• CLAYS (Bentonite…..) • WATER • CELLULOSE (Wood flour, Cob flour…..) • OIL‐CHEMICALS (Soda ash, Polymers….) • REFRACTORIES (Alumina, Silica ... These materials have high refractoriness, low thermal expansion, and high resistance to thermal shock. They are widely used in precision investment foundries, often ...

Manufacturing and Properties of Refractories | SpringerLink

A high degree of refractoriness allows the dolomite brick to withstand the temperature and involved stress in the burning zone. The corrosion resistance to alkalis and a reducing atmosphere, as well as excellent ability for coating formation, makes it a good candidate for the lining of burning zone of cement rotary kiln.

Refractories, Properties and Application of

refractories are one of the only controllable components left. Selection of refractories is a balance of many factors including safety, environment, production, costs, etc. and …

High-temperature transformations of Zr-pillared …

A Zr-modied bentonite (B-OHZr) obtained by intercalation of OH-Zr species was obtained, and its thermal transformations at > 800 °C were studied. Raw clay and B-OHZr were characterized by X-ray diraction, thermogravimetric and dierential ... An increase in refractoriness was observed in B-OHZr, enabling the sintering of samples up to 1300 °C,